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              <p>A clay-based material exhibiting high pore volume fraction andlow thermal conductivity suitable for thermal insulation isdescribed. Starting with a commercial clay containing &gt;75% kaolinite,foams were made by mixing in water and methyl celluloseas a surfactant then beating. After drying at 70°C, the pore volumefraction &gt;94% remains almost constant for treatments upto 1150°C. In contrast, the phases constituting the solid skeletonevolve strongly with removal of surfactant, dehydroxylation ofkaolinite, and formation of mullite. The latter leads to greatermechanical strength but also an increase in thermal conductivity.Thermal treatment of the kaolin foam at 1100°C yields a suitablecompromise between low thermal conductivity of 0.054W.(m.K) – 1 at room temperature with a compressive yield stressof 0.04 MPa. The radiation component in the effective thermalconductivity is &lt;10% at 20°C increasing to &gt;50% at 500°C</p>
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